K is for Karnack

Unless you are from East Texas, you probably haven't heard of Karnack. I hadn't either, until I started researching for my ABCs of Texas. Karnack is home to the Caddo Lake National Wildlife Refuge, as well as the birthplace of Lady Bird Johnson. After spending time in this neck of the Piney Woods, it is easy to understand why nature and conservation were so important to the former First Lady.

The Caddo Lake National Wildlife Refuge has only been existence since 2000. Prior to that, it was the Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant for much of the 20th century. The refuge is a bottomland hardwood forest ecosystem and provides sanctuary for migratory birds, as well as other types of wildlife.  While there are horse and hiking trails, you can also drive through the refuge.  The day I visited, there was a prescribed burn in action which was really interesting to watch (from afar).  After watching the crew in action, I drove the six mile auto route, stopping along the way to take in the views.

These concrete structures are what's left of the Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant.  In the beginning, TNT was made here for use in World War II.  As warfare evolved, the product varied; the plant also played a part in the Korean and Vietnam Wars.  This area was originally chosen because of its proximity to rail lines and water transportation, yet it was also far enough removed from major population centers.